TATIANA FONSECA SALAZAR

NOUN CLAUSES AND EMBEDDED QUESTIONS Noun clauses and embedded questions are important grammatical structures in English that are used to express ideas and information in a variety of contexts. In this blog post, we'll take a closer look at what they are and how they're used. Noun Clauses: A noun clause is a type of subordinate clause that functions as a noun within a sentence. It can serve as the subject, object, or complement of the sentence. Noun clauses are introduced by words such as "that", "whether", "if", and "wh-" words such as "who", "what", "when", "where", "why", and "how". Here are some examples of noun clauses: "I believe that he will come to the party." (subject) "She told me what she had for breakfast." (object) "My goal is to learn how to speak Spanish fluently." (complement) In each of these sentences, the noun clause is acting as a ...

  BOOK GENRES Reading books is a wonderful way to relax and escape into a different world. However, with so many books available, it can be overwhelming to choose what to read. This is where book genres come in handy. Book genres are categories that books are grouped into based on their style, content, and themes. Here are some of the most popular book genres: Fiction Fiction books are stories that are made up by the author. They can be further categorized into different sub-genres such as romance, science fiction, historical fiction, mystery, and more. Non-fiction Non-fiction books are based on real events, people, or facts. Examples of non-fiction genres include biographies, autobiographies, self-help books, travelogues, and more. Fantasy Fantasy books are set in imaginary worlds and often involve magical or supernatural elements. They can be further classified into sub-genres such as epic fantasy, urban fantasy, and fairy tale retellings. Horror Horror books are designed to frig...

  THE PASSIVE CAUSATIVE The passive causative is a grammatical structure used to show that someone or something is caused to do something by another person or thing, but with the focus on the receiver of the action rather than the doer. It is formed using the structure "have/get + object + past participle". For example: I had my car repaired. (The focus is on the car being repaired, not on who repaired it.) He got his leg broken in the accident. (The focus is on the leg being broken, not on who caused the accident.) In both of these examples, the subject (I or he) is causing someone else (a mechanic or an accident) to perform an action (repair the car or break the leg). The causative verb (had or got) is followed by the object (my car or his leg) and the past participle of the main verb (repaired or broken). The passive causative can also be used to describe situations where someone is causing something to happen without taking an active role. For example: The concert got ca...

  THE CAUSATIVE The causative is a grammatical structure used to show that one person causes another person to do something. It is commonly used in English to describe situations where someone is asked or instructed to do something by another person. The causative can be formed using the verb "have" or "get" followed by the base form of the main verb. The structure "have + object + base form of verb" is used to show that someone is causing another person to do something for them, while the structure "get + object + to + base form of verb" is used to show that someone is causing another person to do something for themselves. Here are some examples: I'll get the waiter to correct the check. I'm sure you can get the restaurant to lend you a tie. In the first sentence, the subject (I) is causing someone else (the waiter) to perform an action (correct the check). By using the causative verb "get", the speaker is indicating that they ...

 QUESTIONS EXAM 1. What had you done to prepare for the exams? 2. Have you ever broken a tooth? How?  3. Why did you visit a doctor the last time?  4. Why do you think that you will be able to win the semester?

 MODALS: MAY AND MIGHT  GRAMMAR PRACTICE. Write statements using may and might take/ may/ a vacation/ not I may not take a vacation this year might/ call/ your parents/ to/ want You might want to call your parents right away. the test/ to/ may/ take/ need They may need to take the test again not/ might/ to/ the meeting/ drive She might not drive to the meeting today. on TV/ watch/ not/ a movie/ may We may not watch a movie tonight

PAST PERFECT We use the past perfect simple ( had  + past participle) to talk about time up to a certain point in the past. We can use the past perfect to show the order of two past events. The past perfect shows the earlier action and the past simple shows the later action. A. GRAMMAR PRACTICE. Choose the correct meaning for each statement  “Before they decided to have the meeting in Bangkok, I had already decided to take my vacation there.” First they decided to have the meeting in Bangkok. Then I decided to take my vacation there. First I decided to take my vacation in Bangkok. Then they decided to have the meeting there. “By the time she got to the meeting, she had already reviewed the agenda.” First she reviewed the agenda. Then she got to the meeting. First she got to the meeting. Then she reviewed the agenda. “They had already asked us to turn off our cell phones when the CEO began her presentation.” First they asked us to turn off our cell phones. Then the CEO began he...